De najas a mambas: novo antídoto combate veneno de 17 cobras africanas

Todos os anos, cerca de 300 mil pessoas são picadas por cobras venenosas na África Subsaariana. Milhares morrem ou sofrem amputações.

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Agora, cientistas criaram um novo antídoto capaz de neutralizar o veneno de 17 espécies diferentes de serpentes letais.

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A inovação vem de um lugar inesperado: lhamas e alpacas. Esses animais produzem anticorpos especiais chamados nanocorpos.

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Os nanocorpos são menores e mais simples que os anticorpos tradicionais — o que permite alcançar áreas onde os outros não chegam.

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Hoje, a maioria dos antídotos é feita com anticorpos de cavalos e funciona apenas contra o veneno de uma única espécie de cobra.

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Os cientistas da Universidade Técnica da Dinamarca expuseram lhamas e alpacas ao veneno de 18 cobras africanas.

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Eles isolaram oito nanocorpos específicos e criaram um antídoto experimental, testado com sucesso em camundongos.

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O composto neutralizou o veneno de 17 espécies e ainda evitou danos à pele — algo que os antídotos atuais não fazem.

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A pesquisa, publicada na Nature, está em fase inicial. Mas abre caminho para antídotos universais contra picadas de cobra.

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