Peixes-palhaço e anêmonas estão desaparecendo

Peixes-palhaço e anêmonas, famosos por sua relação simbiótica, estão desaparecendo do Mar Vermelho.

[{"selector":"#anim-2089a524-6292-4275-9f50-915f8ca52bf9 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(-8.333333363673141%, 0%) scale(1.5)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-dcd02781-e566-4db7-8efa-64eb79c0f1ce","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-4e03e513-9314-4f18-aa40-e16b19f7a641","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-115.18988%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-45c45af1-7ee7-40a6-88fc-7411c8cafae0","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-684173a3-44d4-42fd-93e9-946c996a491e","keyframes":{"transform":["rotate(-271deg) translate3d(-429.99998%, 0px, 0) rotate(271deg)","rotate(-271deg) translate3d(0px, 0px, 0) rotate(271deg)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}]

Um novo estudo revela que ondas de calor recentes devastaram essa parceria vital entre os dois animais.

[{"selector":"#anim-b5e1b857-ca7d-4bf5-b92b-7712f81b75dc [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-29.791666552892394%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-10b51af6-0f85-40c9-ab10-e7fda75e147a","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-1e42767e-1e3f-4116-b9cf-e2c5f67d8316","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 168.04547%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-37bb6475-ac93-43b5-accc-faac4ecc4dc0","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-ba7237a6-e849-458c-b84b-4856cb2ac8a9","keyframes":{"transform":["rotate(-271deg) translate3d(0px, -876.76737%, 0) rotate(271deg)","rotate(-271deg) translate3d(0px, 0px, 0) rotate(271deg)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}]

Os peixes-palhaço vivem entre os tentáculos das anêmonas, protegidos de predadores, e ajudam a defendê-las.

[{"selector":"#anim-2cdabf43-e7f0-4d7a-abd2-95ba45d259ce [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(-6.008351171091579%, 0%) scale(1.5)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-83b8ebbf-12e3-40ab-8696-32289e32abc9","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-08fe86a1-8c3d-42d0-abae-a866c36563e5","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(114.55696%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-d9d96e00-73fa-47a1-abf1-7f0ad73b99c8","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-1cf4136e-2a95-463a-ab15-128e53537cae","keyframes":{"transform":["rotate(-271deg) translate3d(429.99998%, 0px, 0) rotate(271deg)","rotate(-271deg) translate3d(0px, 0px, 0) rotate(271deg)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}]

Mas anêmonas podem sofre “branqueamento”: perdem as algas que lhes dão energia, cor e capacidade de sobreviver.

[{"selector":"#anim-c166c7b9-5d13-4744-bbc4-24dded6fd865 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(0%, 0%) scale(1.5)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-438f4c15-84e2-43bd-9150-7b64831d9666","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-e48b7ee5-1d45-4e5f-bde1-33ee80c60cbd","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-115.18988%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-e4b9545c-a63a-4ea8-bd14-5d20bd92554f","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-56ca616b-3d2c-4222-baa0-76caa3d923aa","keyframes":{"transform":["rotate(-271deg) translate3d(-429.99998%, 0px, 0) rotate(271deg)","rotate(-271deg) translate3d(0px, 0px, 0) rotate(271deg)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}]

Entre 2022 e 2024, cientistas monitoraram populações destes animais no Mar Vermelho, próximo à Arábia Saudita.

[{"selector":"#anim-0e66c7e7-f599-452e-933e-be90245f9521 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-12.504290390326457%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-220c323f-d2a4-42cf-b3d3-dc038eb4cb9d","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-28fe0854-6c4d-483a-bd45-10460af24b57","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 134.63290%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-f012a735-4310-4fb3-9394-7048aa3ca43a","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-d53e7e45-f8b8-4018-b78e-021782a1f6b3","keyframes":{"transform":["rotate(-271deg) translate3d(0px, -876.76737%, 0) rotate(271deg)","rotate(-271deg) translate3d(0px, 0px, 0) rotate(271deg)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}]

Em 2023, uma onda de calor extrema levou ao branqueamento de 100% das anêmonas observadas.

[{"selector":"#anim-26ccef6a-c2d0-4a93-b8df-baa42e9a8f1f [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(0%, 0%) scale(1.5)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-cb002840-b5da-4888-9f1f-3732c63e2e1a","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-f468f33a-71fc-4fe7-b381-682229e1deb9","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(115.18987%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-3a59ed1d-8477-493c-9c0a-854b814ad85c","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-5a866599-ec12-43e6-87c9-eefb0170d062","keyframes":{"transform":["rotate(-271deg) translate3d(429.99998%, 0px, 0) rotate(271deg)","rotate(-271deg) translate3d(0px, 0px, 0) rotate(271deg)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}]

O resultado: até 94% das anêmonas morreram — e, junto delas, entre 94% e 100% dos peixes-palhaço.

[{"selector":"#anim-b4af90f1-5eeb-4684-bb64-8d65dfab6544 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(0%, 0%) scale(1.5)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-03f06412-7262-4e23-a1c0-c8517dde33ef","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-595537d9-d8cf-46d4-8e26-cbc26c87d1eb","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-115.18988%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-db2498c7-2ac7-448f-9bae-de928a29e582","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-1dbddc32-917a-4e16-9a80-a484af475f8a","keyframes":{"transform":["rotate(-271deg) translate3d(-429.99998%, 0px, 0) rotate(271deg)","rotate(-271deg) translate3d(0px, 0px, 0) rotate(271deg)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}]

O Mar Vermelho era considerado um “refúgio térmico”, mas até mesmo lá os efeitos da crise climática se agravam.

[{"selector":"#anim-50e9145f-9433-433b-a594-5abd8d3af77a [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate(0%, 0%) scale(1.5)","translate(0%, 0%) scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-b22aefe4-1c8f-4ef8-8dfc-33486a747091","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-cff1bf31-d360-4d28-86ac-2018e84dd43b","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(114.55696%, 0px, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-cea62428-a334-43f3-ae65-2aa4b6f750c9","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-f0919033-262e-451e-8242-b420047cdb7a","keyframes":{"transform":["rotate(-271deg) translate3d(429.99998%, 0px, 0) rotate(271deg)","rotate(-271deg) translate3d(0px, 0px, 0) rotate(271deg)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}]

O colapso da parceria alerta: ondas de calor ligadas ao aquecimento global estão tornando o oceano hostil.

[{"selector":"#anim-5c5e6e81-d58c-4b50-99e5-44b227dc1473 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-30.927987337994516%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-69b085d6-bb8f-42cf-97e0-21698da5dd18","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-7aaf1e21-17cd-4965-932f-d1e583c514dc","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(0px, 168.04547%, 0)","translate3d(0px, 0px, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-d3276386-f938-4a50-89a0-e5a6170e044a","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-eb210dda-5395-4c69-8211-63303726f5c7","keyframes":{"transform":["rotate(-271deg) translate3d(0px, -876.76737%, 0) rotate(271deg)","rotate(-271deg) translate3d(0px, 0px, 0) rotate(271deg)"]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}]